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BACKGROUNDThe interactions between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) can promote tumor progression, maintain the CSCs population, and reduce therapeutic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the coexpression of CSCs and TAMs and its clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
METHODSNinety‐six patients with PDAC were included...
BACKGROUNDProinflammatory cytokine levels may be associated with cancer stage, recurrence, and survival. The objective of this study was to determine whether cytokine levels were associated with dietary patterns and fat‐soluble micronutrients in patients with previously untreated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODSThis was a cross‐sectional study of 160 patients with newly diagnosed...
BACKGROUNDMammographic screening is expected to decrease the incidence of late‐stage breast cancer. In the current study, the authors determined the decrease in late‐stage cancer incidence and the changes in invasive cancer incidence that occurred in the mammographic era after adjusting for prescreening temporal trends.
METHODSBreast cancer incidence and stage data were obtained from the Surveillance,...
BACKGROUNDTelomere maintenance is crucial in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The results of a previous study from the authors indicated that infection with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) types 16, 18, and 58 was a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the Shantou region of China. In the current study, the authors explored the association between HR‐HPV infection,...
BACKGROUNDThe patterns of lobar involvement, optimal treatment, and disease course among patients with gliomatosis cerebri (GC) have not been fully characterized. The current study evaluates the clinical presentations and outcomes for patients with GC treated with radiation therapy (RT) at our institution.
METHODSA total of 26 patients (25 with follow‐up) with GC were diagnosed and treated between...
BACKGROUNDEpidermal growth factor receptor overexpression is associated with poor outcomes in urothelial carcinoma (UC). Cetuximab (CTX) exhibited an antitumor effect in in vivo UC models. The efficacy of gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC) with or without CTX in patients with advanced UC was evaluated.
METHODSPatients with advanced UC, measurable disease, and adequate organ function were randomized 1:2 to...
BACKGROUNDSedentary behavior may independently contribute to morbidity and mortality among survivors of colorectal cancer. In the current study, the authors assessed whether a telephone‐delivered multiple health behavior change intervention had an effect on the sedentary behavior of recently diagnosed colorectal cancer survivors.
METHODSA total of 410 participants were recruited through the Queensland...
BACKGROUNDThe importance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as a prognostic and predictive marker in invasive breast cancer is well established. Accurate assessment of HER2 status is essential to determine optimal treatment options.
METHODSBreast cancer tumor tissue samples from the VIRGO observational cohort tissue substudy that were locally HER2‐negative were retested centrally...
BACKGROUNDChildhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), which may be reduced with lifestyle modifications. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize lifestyle habits and associations with MetSyn among CCS.
METHODSCCS who were ≥ 10 years from diagnosis, aged > 18 years, and participating in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study completed...
There remains no standard of care for patients with a rising prostate‐specific antigen level after radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy but who have no radiographic metastases, even though this is the second largest group of patients with prostate cancer (CaP) in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may cure some men with advanced CaP based on single‐institution series and a randomized...
BACKGROUNDTotal body irradiation (TBI) is widely used for conditioning before hematopoietic cell transplantation. Its efficacy and toxicity may depend on many methodological aspects. The goal of the current study was to explore current clinical practice in this field.
METHODSA questionnaire was sent to all centers collaborating in the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and included...
BACKGROUNDDecisional conflict is a source of anxiety and stress for men diagnosed with prostate cancer given uncertainty surrounding myriad treatment options. Few data exist to help clinicians identify which patients are at risk for decisional conflict. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with decisional conflict in economically disadvantaged men diagnosed with prostate cancer...
Soft tissue tumors are rare and can arise from a variety of soft tissues and viscera in a variety of body sites. Their management requires a thorough understanding of the biology of the different histologies and molecular subtypes as well as the constraints of specific anatomic sites. The surgical approach has undergone significant changes thanks to a better understanding of the natural history of...
BACKGROUNDThe survival of men diagnosed with prostate cancer has improved over time, and the current 10‐year relative survival rate is 99.7%. The long survival of patients with this common cancer raises questions about the risk of a second primary cancer and the need for continued surveillance.
METHODSA population‐based cohort of 441,504 men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1992 and...
BACKGROUNDIn a previous phase 2 trial, axitinib was active and well tolerated in patients with advanced thyroid cancer. In this second phase 2 trial, the efficacy and safety of axitinib were evaluated further in this population, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships and patient‐reported outcomes were assessed.
METHODSPatients (N = 52) with metastatic or unresectable, locally advanced...
BACKGROUNDPediatric cancer distribution and outcomes have not been examined in Canadian Aboriginal children. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution, event‐free survival, and overall survival of Aboriginal children with malignancies who reside in Ontario compared with non‐Aboriginal children.
METHODSThis population‐based study included 10,520 Ontario children (aged <18 years)...
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